Enclosure, Rathcannon, Co. Limerick

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Rathcannon, Co. Limerick

There is a field in the Limerick townland of Rathcannon where the ground itself carries the ghost of a structure that no longer stands above it.

Visible from the air as a D-shaped cropmark, the outline of a levelled enclosure survives only in the differential growth of whatever is planted or grazed above it, the soil beneath retaining a memory the surface has long since lost. The northern edge of the enclosure has been clipped away by the L1414 road, which cuts across the site, leaving it truncated and incomplete. Most visitors to the area would pass directly over part of it without knowing.

When the Ordnance Survey conducted its meticulous townland-by-townland recording of Ireland in 1840, the surveyors noted this monument as one of ten ancient forts in Rathcannon, recording it in the Ordnance Survey Name Books covering the area from Abbeyfeale to Bruree. Despite that observation, it was not actually depicted on the resulting six-inch map of that year, suggesting it was already in poor condition or considered too degraded to merit cartographic representation. By 1897, the revised twenty-five-inch Ordnance Survey map does show it, describing a D-shaped area measuring roughly ten metres north to south and nineteen metres east to west, defined by a scarp and an external fosse. A fosse is simply a ditch, typically dug to reinforce or defend an enclosure, and its presence here hints at the kind of enclosed settlement or ringfort that was common across early medieval Ireland. The site reference is LI039-150----.

The enclosure lies approximately 230 metres to the south-west of a related enclosure (LI039-150) in the same townland, both sitting in what is now pasture. Because the monument has been levelled, there is nothing obvious to see at ground level, and access to the field itself would require the landowner's permission. The real revelation comes from aerial imagery: the D-shaped cropmark is clearly visible on Ordnance Survey orthophotographs taken between 2005 and 2012, and on Google Earth images of the same period. Anyone with an interest in how landscape archaeology is done in practice will find it a useful case study in how much survives beneath ordinary farmland, entirely invisible from the road.

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Pete F
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