Enclosure, Rathingle, Co. Dublin
Co. Dublin |
Enclosures
In a field at Rathingle in north County Dublin, there is nothing obvious to see at ground level.
No earthwork rises above the soil, no stone protrudes from the grass. The site reveals itself only from the air, and only under the right conditions, when differences in soil moisture and crop growth betray the outlines of structures that have lain buried for centuries. What the aerial photographs show is a double-walled, or bivallate, enclosure, the kind of arrangement that typically signals a site of some significance in the early medieval Irish landscape.
The enclosure was first identified by the archaeologist Leo Swan, whose systematic aerial survey work brought dozens of previously unrecorded Irish sites to light. The photographs, now held with copyright vested in the National Museum of Ireland, were taken as oblique aerial shots and passed to the Archaeological Survey of Ireland through the Discovery Programme. The crop-mark itself is legible in several of those images. At its centre is a roughly circular area approximately 20 metres in diameter on its north-south axis, surrounded by a fosse, which is simply a cut ditch used in enclosure construction. Around that inner arrangement lies a larger oval enclosure approximately 50 metres across on its east-west axis. Beyond the north-east quadrant, faint traces of an earlier and smaller sub-rectangular enclosure are just discernible, though its outline has been cut through and partially erased by the outer ditch of the later bivallate structure, suggesting the site was modified or reused over time. A ring-ditch, a separate monument type often associated with prehistoric burial, lies just to the north.
Because this is a crop-mark site, there is no physical feature to visit in the conventional sense. The enclosure exists as a buried arrangement of ditches and features detectable only through aerial photography or, potentially, geophysical survey. The surrounding area of Rathingle lies in the Fingal district north of Dublin city, agricultural land that has preserved a surprising density of buried archaeology. Anyone with an interest in the site would find the relevant aerial photographs referenced in the Archaeological Survey of Ireland records, where the image codes and compiled notes are publicly accessible. The layering of the monument, with its earlier sub-rectangular phase overwritten by the later circular enclosure, is what makes it genuinely interesting to specialists working on landscape development and enclosure chronology in the greater Dublin region.
