Enclosure, Sheepwalk, Co. Cork

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Sheepwalk, Co. Cork

At Sheepwalk in County Cork, two concentric rings lie buried beneath a field, invisible to anyone walking the ground but legible from the air as a pattern of discoloured soil.

The site is known only from a cropmark, the kind of ghostly imprint that appears in aerial photographs when buried ditches and banks affect how crops grow above them, producing subtle differences in colour and height that reveal what lies beneath. In this case, the photograph taken in July 1989 showed two circular fosses, or ditches, arranged one inside the other, with an overall diameter of around forty metres.

Enclosures of this type are common across Ireland, though their purposes and dates vary considerably. Many are the remains of ringforts, the enclosed farmsteads that were built and occupied mainly during the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries. The double-fosse arrangement here suggests something with a degree of elaboration, perhaps a site of some local importance. What the photograph also showed was that the outer ditch had already been cut through on its southern side by a field fence at some point, leaving the circuit incomplete. Around ninety metres to the north-west, in the same field, there is a possible second enclosure, raising the question of whether the two were ever related, perhaps in use at the same time, or simply occupying the same patch of ground by coincidence across centuries.

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