Enclosure, Shilmore, Co. Wexford
Co. Wexford |
Enclosures
At Shilmore in County Wexford, nothing announces itself above ground.
The landscape is flat and unremarkable at surface level, yet aerial photography reveals the ghostly outline of an enclosure that has been invisible to walkers for centuries. What shows up in the photographs is a cropmark, the differential growth of crops over buried features, tracing the shape of a sub-rectangular enclosure roughly 60 metres north to south and 40 metres east to west. Cropmarks form when buried ditches or banks alter how moisture is retained in the soil, causing the vegetation above them to grow differently, and in dry summers they can resolve into startlingly clear shapes when viewed from above.
The enclosure is defined by two ditch features, a wide outer one and a narrower inner one, separated by what appears to have been a field bank running along the south-west to north-east arc of the perimeter. The corners at the north-west and north-east are rounded rather than sharp, a detail that sometimes distinguishes enclosures with a domestic or agricultural function from those laid out with more formal precision. Along the eastern and southern sides, the perimeter seems to have incorporated existing field banks into its boundary, suggesting the enclosure was built within, or adapted from, an already-organised agricultural landscape. Whether it served as a small farmstead enclosure or was simply a managed field is uncertain; the published assessment acknowledges both possibilities without resolving them. That ambiguity is itself part of what makes the site interesting. It is a fragment of organised land use, buried just below the surface of a county whose archaeological complexity is easily underestimated.