Enclosure, Skeagh By.), Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Enclosures
On an east-facing pasture slope in Skeagh, County Cork, there is a place that exists now only on paper.
A circular enclosure roughly twenty metres in diameter was carefully mapped here by the Ordnance Survey in 1842, its boundary marked with the small hachured lines that cartographers used to indicate an earthwork or raised feature. By 1967, it was gone, removed at some point in the intervening decades, most likely cleared to make way for agricultural use. Today there is no visible surface trace of it whatsoever.
Enclosures of this kind are among the most common archaeological monument types in Ireland. They are typically the remains of a ringfort, known in Irish as a ráth or lios when built from earthen banks, or a cashel when constructed from dry-stone walling. These were the enclosed farmsteads of early medieval Ireland, used roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries, and they once numbered in the tens of thousands across the country. The Skeagh example was modest in scale at around twenty metres across, but its loss is not unusual. Many such enclosures were levelled during the agricultural intensification of the twentieth century, their banks spread, their ditches filled, and their presence reduced to a mark on an old map. A cashel survives to the north of this site, which at least suggests the wider landscape once carried more than one focus of early settlement activity in this area.