Enclosure, Templemichael, Co. Cork

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Templemichael, Co. Cork

On a south-facing slope in County Cork, a faint circular rise in a pasture field is almost all that remains of something that once had clear edges and a definite purpose.

At its highest point the ground lifts only about 1.1 metres above the surrounding grass, but that gentle swell traces the outline of a circular enclosure roughly 40 metres across, and inside it, or rather once protected by it, stood a church.

The 1842 Ordnance Survey six-inch map recorded the site with hachured markings, the cartographic shorthand used to indicate an earthen enclosure, showing the circular bank surrounding the church clearly enough that its form could be read at a glance. Enclosures of this kind, sometimes called ecclesiastical cashels or church enclosures depending on their construction, were a common feature of early Irish Christian sites; the boundary was both a practical boundary and a symbolic one, marking the sacred from the secular. By the time the nineteenth-century surveyors were working, the bank had already been largely levelled, reduced to the low profile it still holds today. What makes the site a little more legible is the survival of low bank remains running outward to the southeast and southwest, heading south from the enclosure edge until they meet a modern field fence. These may be remnants of an outer enclosure, a feature seen at other early church sites where a second, wider boundary defined an outer precinct or farmland associated with the religious community within.

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