Enclosure, Tubbrid, Co. Kilkenny
Co. Kilkenny |
Enclosures
At the edge of a steeply dropping valley near Tubbrid in Co. Kilkenny, a circular earthwork sits in what is now reclaimed grassland, its bank partly eroded, its interior long since folded into the surrounding fieldscape.
Enclosures of this kind, typically formed by a raised earthen bank and sometimes an outer ditch, are among the most common archaeological features in the Irish countryside, and are generally associated with early medieval settlement, most often as the enclosed farmsteads known as raths or ringforts. This one, roughly 36 metres in diameter, occupies a position that would once have made practical sense: fairly level ground on the eastern side of a NW-SE valley, with the land falling sharply away to the west and open views in most directions.
The enclosure appears clearly on the first edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1839, drawn as a circular feature with field boundaries running outward from its centre to the northwest and northeast, suggesting it had already been partially absorbed into the working agricultural layout of the time. By the 1900 revision, the picture had changed further: the bank was recorded as missing in its northwest and southeast sectors, and an additional boundary ran outward towards the southeast. Small quarries in the surrounding area, also marked on the OS maps, are likely responsible for some of the disturbance. The gradual cannibalisation of earthworks like this one, their banks quarried for stone or simply ploughed flat, is a pattern repeated across the Irish midlands and southeast. Despite the damage and considerable overgrowth, the enclosure remains detectable on satellite imagery, its circular outline still faintly legible from above even if it has all but disappeared at ground level.