Field system, Ardkeenagh, Co. Roscommon
Co. Roscommon |
Ritual/Ceremonial
On a south-facing slope in County Roscommon, the ground itself tells a story that most people walk past without reading.
Spread across roughly 100 acres, a series of low earthen banks runs north to south across the hillside, crossed at intervals by further banks that divide the land into fields of approximately 200 metres by 100 metres. The banks are modest, around three metres wide and barely 30 centimetres high, and the overall layout runs parallel to the drystone-wall field boundaries still in use today. That continuity is quietly extraordinary: the same lines of division, redrawn in stone over the same older earthen ridges, suggest that this particular way of carving up the land has persisted across many centuries.
The archaeology here is layered in a way that rewards careful attention. The field system post-dates at least four raths in the immediate area, those circular earthwork enclosures, typically of early medieval date, that were used as farmsteads and settlement sites across Ireland. The fact that the field banks are later than the raths does not mean the raths were abandoned when the fields were laid out; at least one bank attaches directly to one of the raths, suggesting some degree of integration or reuse. Scattered within this agricultural landscape are the traces of two small house sites. One, with interior dimensions of roughly five metres square and defined by low banks, sits about 50 metres from one of the raths. The other, slightly larger at around seven metres by four metres and marked by low scarps rather than raised banks, is attached to the western side of one of the field banks. An enclosure at the north-eastern edge of the system may represent yet another field rather than a separate monument. Taken together, this is a palimpsest of rural life, each feature slightly out of step with the next, yet all sharing the same slope.