Fort, Tennalough, Co. Longford
Co. Longford |
Enclosures
What makes the earthwork at Tennalough quietly puzzling is not its scale but its internal logic, or rather the absence of any clear explanation for it.
Sitting on a high, prominent hill in County Longford with open views rolling out in every direction, the site consists of a raised, roughly rectangular area, approximately 85 metres on its longer axis, enclosed by a low bank of earth and stone. The bank is modest, no more than 0.7 metres at its highest and about 2.5 metres wide, with a shallow external fosse, the trench-like ditch that typically runs around the outside of such enclosures. No original entrance survives in recognisable form. What does survive, and what makes the site more than a simple enclosure, is a second, smaller enclosure sitting at the centre of the interior, with low linear banks radiating outward from it toward the main boundary, at the northwest, northeast, and south-southeast. Whether those inner banks were functional divisions, a later addition, or something else entirely remains unresolved.
Built against the inner face of the outer bank at the south-southwest is a house site, suggesting the enclosure was inhabited at some point, though by whom and when is not recorded. The relationship between the central enclosure and the larger one around it is, as the archaeological record bluntly puts it, unknown. These kinds of earthwork forts are found across Ireland, generally associated with the early medieval period, when ringforts, enclosed farmsteads of earth and stone, were the dominant form of rural settlement. The subrectangular shape here is somewhat less common than the circular plan typical of ringforts, and the concentric internal arrangement adds another layer of uncertainty. In 2002, monitoring was carried out during topsoil stripping for a realigned quarry road that had been constructed near to, and partially impinging upon, the monument. The work produced no archaeological features or artefacts, leaving the site's origins and phasing as open questions as they were before the machines arrived.