Fulacht fia, Ardshanbally, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Settlement Sites
A cooking site used in prehistoric Ireland, invisible at ground level and absent from nineteenth-century maps, sits in wet pasture near the River Maigue in County Limerick, betraying its presence only from above and only under the right conditions.
A fulacht fia, sometimes spelled fulacht fiadh, is a type of burnt mound site found widely across Ireland, typically associated with Bronze Age activity. The prevailing interpretation is that these sites were used for boiling water, most likely for cooking, by heating stones in a fire and dropping them into a water-filled trough. Over time, the cracked and spent stones accumulated into a characteristic horseshoe-shaped mound, usually found in low-lying or waterlogged ground close to a stream or river. In Ardshanbally, both the topography and the proximity to the Maigue fit this pattern precisely.
The site was identified through the Adare Bypass Constraint Study, recorded as reference 51/A/7, and compiled by Alison McQueen and Vera Rahilly, with the record uploaded in August 2020. It does not appear on the Ordnance Survey's historic mapping, though the 1840 edition of the six-inch OS map does show a trackway running northwest to southeast along the margins of the area where the monument lies. That trackway may be unrelated, but its presence at least suggests the ground here was noted and used in the relatively recent past. A separate enclosure has been recorded roughly 70 metres to the northeast, hinting that this corner of the townland, which borders Islandea along the river, held more than one feature of archaeological interest.
What makes this site particularly elusive is the degree to which it depends on conditions to become visible at all. Aerial photography taken between 2011 and 2013 using Digital Globe orthophotos shows a roughly circular cropmark at the location, the kind of subtle discolouration in vegetation that reveals buried or disturbed ground below. By contrast, Google Earth imagery from June 2018 shows nothing clearly. Cropmarks of this kind tend to appear during dry summers, when differential moisture in the soil causes crops or grass over disturbed ground to grow or stress at a different rate to the surrounding field. There is no upstanding monument to find at ground level, no mound visible from the lane. The site sits in low, wet pasture and the experience of visiting, should anyone be drawn to this quiet field near the Maigue, is less about seeing something and more about knowing something is there.