Fulacht fia, Ballycahane, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Settlement Sites
Somewhere in a low-lying field in County Limerick, wild boar bones were lying in a peat deposit beside the scattered remains of a prehistoric cooking site.
No marker announces this; no mound breaks the surface of the pasture. The connection between the bones and the site above them is still not fully understood, which is precisely what makes Ballycahane worth knowing about. A fulacht fia, to explain the term briefly, is a type of Bronze Age cooking place, typically consisting of a horseshoe-shaped mound of burnt and fire-cracked stone surrounding a timber-lined trough, where water was heated by dropping in stones from a fire. They are among the most common archaeological monuments in Ireland, yet the one at Ballycahane complicates the usual picture in a quietly significant way.
The site came to light in 1986 when archaeologist Claire Walsh was monitoring topsoil stripping along the route of the Irish Gas pipeline, work documented by Gowen in 1988. Once the topsoil was removed, a spread of fulacht fia mound material appeared close to a stream that also served as a field ditch. The mound itself had left no surface trace at all. Beneath it lay a peat deposit up to thirty centimetres thick, and it was within this peat, not in the mound material, that the butchered wild boar bones were found. Crucially, no trough was identified in the excavated sections, which left the site's function at this spot somewhat open. The mound material was found to sit only within the upper layer of peat, while the bones came from a lower, earlier layer. Walsh's team could not establish a clear stratigraphical link between the two, though they noted that if the mound had been levelled in recent times, its material could have been spread across peat that formed after the fulacht fia fell out of use. Peat core samples and fragments of disturbed timber were submitted for radiocarbon dating. When the Archaeological Survey of Ireland revisited in 2000, no surface remains were visible.
There is nothing to see at ground level today, and the site sits on private agricultural land in undulating pasture with open views in most directions. For anyone researching the pipeline corridor or the archaeology of the Ballycahane area, the primary references are Walsh's 1987 report and Gowen's 1988 publication, both of which are cited on the excavations.ie database under 1986 Site No. 37. The interest here is less in visiting than in knowing: that beneath an ordinary Limerick field, the bones of wild boar and the debris of a prehistoric cooking place ended up sharing the same ground, and that their relationship to one another has not yet been fully resolved.