Fulacht fia, Coonagh West, Co. Limerick

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Settlement Sites

Fulacht fia, Coonagh West, Co. Limerick

What looks at first like a patch of scorched earth and rotting timber turns out to be one of the more precisely documented cooking sites in Bronze Age Ireland.

A fulacht fia, for the uninitiated, is an ancient outdoor cooking place, typically consisting of a water-filled trough into which fire-heated stones were dropped to bring the water to boiling point. The stones, cracked and blackened by the repeated heating and cooling, were then discarded into a mound nearby. At Coonagh West in County Limerick, that mound survives in the shape of an irregular crescent, roughly eight metres by six, curling around the northeast end of a timber-lined trough that was carpeted in alder charcoal and burnt sandstone when excavators reached it.

The trough itself is the detail that makes this site linger in the mind. Trapezoidal in plan, two metres long and just over a metre wide, it was lined with alder planks held firm by thirteen alder and hazel stakes driven into each corner. One radiocarbon date taken from a stake puts the trough's construction somewhere between 2286 and 2043 cal. BC, placing it squarely in the Early Bronze Age. Archaeologist Kate Taylor, who excavated the site under licence A005/2019, found the trough sitting at the western end of a glacial ridge on a flood plain about 750 metres east of the River Shannon. It was not alone. Roughly forty metres to the northeast lay a second burnt mound deposit, and between five and thirty metres further north, excavations on the Limerick Southern Ring Road revealed two Bronze Age round buildings and a trackway, all forming a cluster of related monuments that together suggest a community going about organised, everyday life in a landscape that would have been considerably wetter and more dynamic than it appears today.

The site was excavated as part of the road scheme at Coonagh West, which means it is no longer visible in any conventional sense; the road construction that prompted its discovery also covered the ground where it once lay. The value here is archival rather than scenic. The published reports by Taylor, cited in Bermingham et al. 2013, provide a level of stratigraphic and dendrochronological detail that rewards reading even without a visit to a physical location. If the broader area around the Shannon flood plain in north Limerick interests you, the surrounding landscape still carries traces of the same glacial topography that made this particular ridge attractive to Bronze Age communities in the first place.

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