Fulacht fia, Kilbane, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Settlement Sites
Beneath a stretch of ordinary pasture on the north side of Schoolhouse Road in Castletroy, Co. Limerick, lay the remnants of an ancient cooking site that had never appeared on any historic Ordnance Survey map.
The site is a fulacht fia, a type of monument found in considerable numbers across Ireland, typically dating to the Bronze Age. The term refers to a burnt mound, the accumulated debris of repeated episodes of heating stones in fire and dropping them into a water-filled trough to bring the liquid to boiling point. Over time, as the stones crack and shatter from the thermal shock, they are raked aside and a characteristic horseshoe-shaped mound of blackened, fragmented rock builds up. It is an unglamorous kind of archaeology, and easy to miss entirely.
This particular site came to light in 2003, when archaeologist Flor Hurley carried out monitoring work under Licence No. 03E1382 ahead of a housing development called Glantan. It was Hurley who first identified the site during that monitoring phase. Later the same year, Niamh O'Callaghan took over and conducted a full excavation under Licence No. 03E1717. What made the dig notable was the discovery, within Area 7, of a second fulacht fia feature, designated FF3, found in the course of excavating the primary site, FF2, which carries the record number LI005-088010. FF3 appeared as a smaller spread of black silty soil containing heat-shattered stone, the classic signature of this kind of monument. O'Callaghan's findings were published in 2006. The site's absence from earlier OS mapping suggests it had gone entirely unrecognised until that pre-development survey.
The location sits on a gentle south-southwest-facing slope, in what was at the time of excavation an area of pasture. The Glantan housing scheme has since altered the landscape around Schoolhouse Road considerably, which means that the archaeology here now lies beneath or alongside residential development rather than open ground. There is nothing to see at the surface today. The value of the site is documentary rather than visual, preserved in the excavation archive and in O'Callaghan's published account. For anyone with a serious interest in Bronze Age land use in the Castletroy area, the monitoring report by Hurley and the subsequent excavation records are the most direct route to understanding what was found here and what it suggests about early activity in this part of Co. Limerick.