Fulacht fia, Kilbarraree, Co. Cork

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Settlement Sites

Fulacht fia, Kilbarraree, Co. Cork

In a tilled field at the base of a north-facing slope in Kilbarraree, County Cork, there is a low rise in the ground that most people would walk past without a second thought.

That slight swelling in the earth is all that remains of a fulacht fia, a type of prehistoric cooking or processing site found in considerable numbers across Ireland. The form is typically the same: a horseshoe-shaped mound of fire-cracked stone and dark, charred soil, built up over repeated use beside a water source. The stones would be heated in a fire and dropped into a water-filled trough, bringing it to the boil quickly and efficiently. Over time, the shattered, heat-spent stones accumulated into the characteristic mound.

At Kilbarraree, the site has been levelled by centuries of agricultural activity, but the spread of burnt material remains detectable, running at least thirty metres north to south and fifteen metres east to west. A stream marked on the 1934 Ordnance Survey six-inch map still flows to the north of the site, which is exactly where you would expect it: fulachtaí fia are almost always found close to running or standing water. The position at the foot of a slope, sheltered and near a reliable water supply, is likewise typical. These sites are generally dated to the Bronze Age, though some were used into the early medieval period, and their precise function, cooking, bathing, textile processing, or some combination, remains a matter of ongoing debate among archaeologists.

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