Fulacht fia, Killoran, Co. Tipperary

Co. Tipperary |

Settlement Sites

Fulacht fia, Killoran, Co. Tipperary

Scattered across the Irish landscape in their thousands, fulachtaí fia are among the most common yet least understood prehistoric monuments on the island.

The example at Killoran, in County Tipperary, is a ploughed-out specimen, meaning centuries of agriculture have flattened what was once a more prominent feature, but enough survives beneath the surface to reveal its essential shape and purpose. A fulacht fia is generally understood to have been a Bronze Age cooking site, where stones were heated in a fire and then dropped into a water-filled trough to bring the contents to a boil; the characteristic mound of fire-cracked, heat-shattered stone that accumulates around the trough is what archaeologists typically find today.

The Killoran site sits on a west-facing slope of a low rise of ground, with bogland stretching away to the north and east, a setting that would have offered both the elevated ground needed to avoid waterlogging and reliable access to water from the adjacent wet terrain. The monument survives as a large horseshoe-shaped spread of fire-cracked stone and charcoal, measuring roughly 14.8 metres east to west and 5.7 metres north to south, with a maximum depth of around 24 centimetres. Within this spread there is a shallow, roughly circular depression some 3.9 metres in diameter, which may represent the location of the original trough area where water was once heated. Two further burnt mounds lie 100 metres and 60 metres to the east respectively, suggesting that this stretch of the Killoran landscape saw repeated use over time, perhaps by communities returning season after season to the same productive ground. The site is referenced in Stevens (2000).

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