Fulacht fia, Knockearagh, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Settlement Sites
In the reclaimed pasture of Knockearagh in north Cork, there is a site that no longer looks like anything at all.
No mound, no depression, no scatter of stone; just grass and field. Yet somewhere underfoot lies what was once a fulacht fia, a type of prehistoric cooking site found in great numbers across Ireland, typically identified by a horseshoe-shaped mound of fire-cracked stone left beside a water source after repeated use. The mound here was still visible enough to be recorded on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1937, sitting close to a stream in the manner typical of these sites. Since then, land drainage and agricultural improvement have done their work, and the mound has gone.
Fulachtaí fia, the plural form, are among the most common archaeological monument types in Ireland, with thousands recorded. They date mostly to the Bronze Age, and the working theory is that stones were heated in a fire and then dropped into a water-filled trough to bring it to a boil, the cracked and discarded stones building up into the characteristic mound over time. The stream beside the Knockearagh site would have been essential to that process. A drain cut through the area of the site has since disturbed whatever subsurface remains might have survived the levelling of the mound, leaving the archaeology in an uncertain state.