Fulacht fia, Knockskavane, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Settlement Sites
In a damp corner of Knockskavane townland in north Cork, there is almost nothing left to see.
A low spread of burnt and fire-cracked stone sits in marshy ground beside a spring that has long since dried up, the mound barely reaching a length of eleven metres at its widest. What was once a horseshoe-shaped earthwork, its opening facing north-north-east, was levelled around 1974. The shape is gone; the material remains, just about.
The site is a fulacht fia, a type of monument found in enormous numbers across Ireland, typically dating to the Bronze Age. The term refers to a mound of shattered, heat-fractured stone built up over repeated use around a trough, usually timber-lined and filled with water, which was heated by dropping fire-heated stones into it. The broken stones, discarded after each use, accumulated into the characteristic horseshoe form. Their purpose is still debated, with cooking, brewing, bathing, and textile processing all proposed at various points. At Knockskavane, the site sits in the kind of waterlogged, low-lying ground that fulachta fiadh favour, close to a water source even if that source is no longer active. A local researcher, Bowman, noted four such monuments in this single townland as far back as 1934, suggesting the area saw sustained use over a long period during prehistory.