Fulacht fia, Knockuregare, Co. Limerick

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Settlement Sites

Fulacht fia, Knockuregare, Co. Limerick

There is nothing to see at this particular spot in County Limerick, and that, in its own way, is what makes it worth knowing about.

A Bronze Age cooking site once lay in wet pasture near the townland boundary between Knockuregare and Tynacocka, twenty metres west of a small stream, entirely unrecorded on any Ordnance Survey historic map. It was only when a gas pipeline came through that anyone realised it was there at all.

A fulacht fia, for those unfamiliar with the term, is a type of prehistoric outdoor cooking site, typically identified by a horseshoe-shaped mound of fire-cracked stone and charcoal left over from the repeated heating of rocks used to boil water in a trough or pit. Thousands have been found across Ireland, mostly dating to the Bronze Age, and they tend to appear near water. This one was identified in 2002 by archaeologist Ken Wiggins during topsoil-stripping along the Bord Gáis Éireann Pipeline to the West, and was catalogued under reference BGE 3/77/3. That same year, Brian Halpin excavated the burnt spread under licence 02E0395. His findings described a subcircular mound roughly 5.5 metres in diameter, oriented roughly north to south, and up to 0.6 metres deep. The fill contained the charcoal-rich material and heat-shattered sandstone that are the diagnostic signature of a fulacht fiadh. When the mound was removed, a faint depression was revealed at the centre, measuring just 0.84 metres in length and a mere 0.06 metres deep, so shallow that Halpin interpreted it as a slight hollow in the subsoil rather than a purposely cut trough.

Because the site was fully excavated during the pipeline works, it no longer exists as a physical feature and is not visible on aerial imagery. There is no mound to find, no marker to locate. What the site offers instead is a certain kind of pause: the knowledge that unremarkable wet pasture beside an unnamed stream was, at some point in the Bronze Age, a place where people gathered, lit fires, shattered stone with heat, and prepared food. The pipeline that erased it also, briefly, brought it to light.

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