Fulacht fia, Oldcastle, Co. Tipperary

Co. Tipperary |

Settlement Sites

Fulacht fia, Oldcastle, Co. Tipperary

Some archaeological sites are remarkable for what survives.

This one is remarkable for what does not. Beside the Lingaun River in County Tipperary, at the south-eastern edge of a stretch of pasture near Oldcastle, there was once a fulacht fia, one of the horseshoe-shaped burnt mounds that appear in their thousands across the Irish landscape, dating largely from the Bronze Age. These sites typically consist of a trough, often timber-lined, set into the ground beside a water source, and a surrounding mound of fire-cracked stones and charcoal, the debris of repeated heating. They are among the most common prehistoric monuments in Ireland, and yet much about their precise function remains debated, with uses ranging from cooking to bathing to textile processing all proposed by archaeologists over the years. This particular example no longer exists in any form that can be seen or touched.

The monument was identified by a Will Forbes, though no date is attached to that record. At some point in the years before the site was reviewed, a large portion of the nearby river bank was lost to flooding, and with it, apparently, the fulacht fia itself. When the truncated bank was examined, no archaeological deposits were visible in the exposed section, leading to the conclusion that the monument had already been carried away by the water. The Lingaun River, which flows through this part of Tipperary, did what rivers in Ireland have always done; it shifted, eroded, and quietly reclaimed the ground beside it. Another fulacht fia survives roughly 150 metres to the north-east, a reminder that these monuments once clustered near reliable water sources, which also made them vulnerable to exactly this kind of loss.

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