Fulacht fia, Rich Hill, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Settlement Sites
A low rise in a poorly drained field on the edge of Limerick city is not where you would expect to find three thousand years of layered Bronze Age activity, yet that is precisely what road builders uncovered here in 2006.
The site sits between the old N7 to the west and a housing estate to the south, hemmed in by the thoroughly unremarkable margins of modern infrastructure. Nothing on the Ordnance Survey's historic mapping had ever noted anything here. It took test trenching ahead of the Southern Limerick Ring-Road to reveal what the rough pasture had been quietly sitting on.
The excavation, carried out by Áine Richardson under the designation Rich Hill 1, uncovered a fulacht fia, the term used for a type of prehistoric cooking or processing site typically consisting of a water-filled trough, a hearth for heating stones, and a surrounding spread of those same stones once spent and discarded, cracked by repeated heating and cooling. What Richardson found was considerably more complex than a single episode of use. Area A contained three clay-lined troughs, three roasting pits, two possible boiling pits, a fire dump pit, numerous stakeholes, and a large irregular burnt mound measuring roughly 27 metres north to south and 11 metres east to west. The stratigraphy told a story of repeated return: one trough cut into earlier features and was itself cut by a roasting pit; another trough and several pits truncated the burnt mound. At least three distinct phases of activity could be read in the ground. Radiocarbon dates taken from hazel and alder charcoal in the key features clustered consistently in the Middle to Late Bronze Age, with the tightest ranges falling between roughly 1267 and 945 cal BC. Among the more unexpected finds were charred hazel nutshells, a single grain of barley, and a piece of chert debitage recovered from one of the boiling pits, small details that hint at the wider domestic or seasonal activities taking place around the site.
The fulacht fia was fully excavated and the site has since been built over as part of the ring-road development, so there is nothing left to visit in any conventional sense. Its significance now lives in Richardson's published report and in the National Roads Authority excavation record (E2329). For anyone interested in Bronze Age Limerick, the report itself is the most direct route in, offering section drawings and the radiocarbon data that give this otherwise vanished site its unusual depth.