Habitation site, Dublin South City, Co. Dublin

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Settlement Sites

Habitation site, Dublin South City, Co. Dublin

Beneath what is now a busy stretch of Dublin's medieval quarter, archaeologists once lifted the soil to find the ghost of a working neighbourhood: small timber workshops with their door frames still traceable, boundary fences marking out plots, and the debris of daily craft scattered across the ground.

The finds were not the kind that end up in treasure displays. They were the residue of ordinary industry, bone combs, bronze pins, scraps of textile, and the unfinished blanks of gaming pieces, the sort of material that tells you more about how people actually lived than any single dramatic object could.

The excavations took place at High Street in 1971, led by B. Ó Ríordáin, and they uncovered habitation layers spanning the 11th, 12th, and earlier centuries. The structures themselves were built in the post and wattle tradition, a technique common in Viking Age and early medieval Ireland in which upright wooden posts are interwoven with thin branches or rods to form walls, sometimes plastered with clay or daub. The workshops recorded here measured roughly 3.75 metres long by 3.35 metres wide, modest in scale but clearly purposeful, each bounded by its own post and wattle fence line. Wooden door jambs and thresholds survived, which is unusual given how readily timber decays in urban ground. Among the most telling finds was worked amber, a material that had to be imported, suggesting the site was connected, however indirectly, to wider trade networks reaching into the Baltic world.

High Street sits in the area broadly known as Hiberno-Norse Dublin, a zone that has been the subject of significant archaeological investigation since the 1960s and 1970s. The ground here has been built over many times since the medieval period, and there is nothing visible at street level today that corresponds to what was found below. For anyone interested in early urban archaeology, the National Museum of Ireland on Kildare Street holds material from the High Street and related Dublin excavations, and is the most practical way to encounter the physical evidence of this vanished streetscape.

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