Holed Stone and Bullauns (Penitential Station), Roscam, Co. Galway

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Holy Sites & Wells

Holed Stone and Bullauns (Penitential Station), Roscam, Co. Galway

In the southern section of an old graveyard at Roscam, on the eastern shore of Galway Bay, a large stone stands upright with three cup-shaped hollows worn into its face, each one a bullaun, the term for these deliberately or naturally formed depressions found at early Irish ecclesiastical sites.

Bullauns are common enough across Ireland, but a triple bullaun on a single standing stone is less so, and this one sits within a metre of a companion double bullaun stone lying flat beside it, giving the spot an unusual density of these quietly peculiar objects.

The standing stone measures 1.35 metres long and just under a metre in height, with the three basins arranged vertically and oriented towards the south-west. The uppermost basin is the largest, at roughly 43 by 36 centimetres, the middle one slightly smaller, and the lowest partially swallowed by the ground. Both this stone and the nearby double bullaun were treated locally as holy wells, a use recorded by Fahey in 1901, which speaks to the layered way in which early Christian sites accumulated meaning over centuries, with water, stone, and penitential practice folding into one another. The 1944 to 1945 revision of the Ordnance Survey six-inch maps names the location a Penitential Station, suggesting that formal or semi-formal religious observance, likely rounds or prayers performed at fixed points, was still associated with the stones well into the twentieth century, or at least within living memory of those who contributed to the revision.

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