House - 18th century, Dublin South City, Co. Dublin
Co. Dublin |
House
On Thomas Street in Dublin's Liberties, a narrow four-storey house stands roughly six metres wide, its two bays of clustered windows and relatively modest height hinting at something older than its neighbours.
The Dublin Civic Trust has suggested that No. 55 was almost certainly gable-fronted originally, meaning its triangular roof end would once have faced the street, a building form common in the early eighteenth century before the parapet-fronted terrace became the dominant Dublin type. That small step in the building line between No. 55 and its neighbour No. 54A, still visible in the streetscape, is a quiet reminder that this stretch of Thomas Street was assembled piecemeal rather than laid out in a single sweep.
Thomas Street itself is ancient in the way few Dublin streets can claim. It follows the route of the Slige Mór, one of the great pre-Norman highways of Ireland, and by the medieval period it had become the main street of The Liberties, an ecclesiastical and later commercial district that lay just beyond the old city walls. The area grew significantly in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, contracted in the fourteenth and fifteenth, then surged again in the late seventeenth century when Huguenot weavers, fleeing persecution in France, brought the silk and weaving trades with them. That wave of development peaked in the early 1800s and shaped much of what was built along the street. The Dublin Civic Trust dates No. 55 to approximately 1720 to 1740, placing it near the beginning of that prosperous period. John Rocque's 1756 map of Dublin already shows the plot clearly, including a carriageway at the western end providing access to Mulligan's Yard, also recorded as Molyneux Yard, which connected southward to Engine Alley.
The house sits in a busy stretch of Thomas Street, not far from the brewing and distilling landmarks that dominated the area by the mid-nineteenth century, so the surroundings are thoroughly urban and active. The building line irregularity is easiest to notice by standing back and looking west along the terrace. Later Ordnance Survey maps from 1886 and 1907 recorded a small rear yard at the eastern end and a return structure linking the main house to a building at the southern boundary, details that suggest incremental adaptation over time rather than any grand scheme. The carriageway beside it, and the memory of the yard it once served, are the kind of detail that rewards a slow look rather than a passing glance.