House - Bronze Age, Coonagh West, Co. Limerick

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House – Bronze Age, Coonagh West, Co. Limerick

What survives of a Bronze Age house at Coonagh West, on the outskirts of Limerick city, amounts to fourteen holes in the ground, and yet those holes are enough to reconstruct, in outline at least, a life lived on the edge of a flood plain some three or four thousand years ago.

The site sits at the western end of a glacial ridge, the kind of low, gravelly spine left behind by retreating ice sheets, positioned roughly 750 metres east of the River Shannon. It is not a dramatic landscape, which is perhaps why what was found here carries a quiet weight. A Bronze Age trackway led directly to the structure, and within 20 metres of it, excavators uncovered two fulachta fia, the burnt mounds associated with ancient cooking or industrial water-heating, in which stones were repeatedly fired and dropped into water-filled troughs. The concentration of features suggests a place that was genuinely inhabited and actively used, not a seasonal camp.

The house itself was recorded as Structure 316 during excavation by Kate Taylor, working under licence E2091, as part of the Phase II works for the Southern Limerick Ring Road, published by Bermingham and colleagues in 2013. Taylor's team uncovered an oval arrangement of fourteen post-holes, the ghostly footprint of a timber roundhouse measuring 8.4 metres on its longer northeast-to-southwest axis and 5.4 metres across. Post-holes are the pits left when upright timber posts rot or are removed; by mapping their positions, archaeologists can trace the original walls of a structure long since vanished. None of these post-holes was especially large, averaging around 35 centimetres wide and 15 centimetres deep, and they yielded no artefacts and no directly dateable material. The fills were described as sterile, mid-grey brown sandy clays. Dating, therefore, rests on context: the house sat just 8 metres southeast of a second Bronze Age house, and both were associated with the same trackway, suggesting they belonged to the same period of occupation.

The site no longer exists in any visible form. It was excavated ahead of road construction and the ground has long since been built over, absorbed into the expanding infrastructure south of Limerick city. There is nothing to mark or visit. What remains is the archive, the site record, the coordinates, and the knowledge that somewhere beneath or beside a modern road, a small oval building once stood at the end of a deliberately laid path, with cooking fires burning nearby, on a gravel ridge above the Shannon plain.

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