House - early medieval, Bray, Co. Kerry

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House

House – early medieval, Bray, Co. Kerry

On the south-east-facing slopes of Bray Head on Valentia Island, the ground holds the outline of a house that was already old when medieval Europe was still forming.

The structure is oval, measuring at least 6.7 metres north to south and 5 metres east to west, and its walls were built with a technique that involved two parallel trenches packed with small, vertically set flat stones. Those stones acted as packing to hold larger slabs upright, and those slabs in turn would have revetted a core of sod or stone, giving the walls a thickness of roughly a metre. A narrow gap in the inner wall trench along the eastern arc, accompanied by a post-hole, is the probable location of the doorway. It is a quiet kind of evidence: a gap of sixty centimetres and a hole in the ground where a wooden post once stood, and from that you can just about picture someone stepping through.

What makes the site particularly interesting is the sequence it belongs to. When archaeologist Hayden excavated here in 1997, this house and a neighbouring one were identified as Phase I of at least six successive phases of construction in the same part of Bray Head. That layering means people returned to, rebuilt on, and reorganised this small area of Atlantic headland across a long span of time. The house itself had already been partly cut away, its southern and western arcs truncated, and a drain from a later house on the same site runs directly through it. Two enclosures lie close by, one roughly 17 metres to the north, another about 5 metres to the south, and either or both may have been associated with the house during its period of use. Post-holes, a stone-lined terrace, and various pits and hollows were found at a similar stratigraphic level, though their precise relationship to the house could not be established during excavation. The overall picture is of a small, dense settlement that accumulated and changed over generations, each phase overwriting the last in the thin soil of the headland.

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