House - indeterminate date, Caherphuca, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
House
At Caherphuca in County Galway, a cluster of house foundations sits quietly inside a large enclosure, their original purpose and precise date unrecorded.
What makes the site quietly puzzling is the gap between what the earliest Ordnance Survey maps captured and what the ground now shows. When the first edition of the six-inch OS map was surveyed, two rectangular roofed buildings were visible in the interior, positioned at the north-west and south-west corners. Today, field clearance, the process of gathering loose stone from farmland and piling or spreading it elsewhere, has obscured or partially buried the evidence, leaving only foundations, grassed-over platforms, and outlines where structures once stood.
The north-western building survives as a rectangular area oriented east to west, roughly nine metres long and six metres wide, its shape still legible through the remains of a stone wall foundation. Notably, opposing gaps in the north and south walls appear to be original doorways rather than later breaks, which suggests a simple through-passage arrangement common in vernacular rural buildings. The south-western building has fared worse and is now largely hidden beneath field clearance material, though its alignment appears to have been north to south, and it sat directly against the enclosure wall itself. A third structure, not visible on the first edition map and therefore presumably already ruinous by the time of the survey, survives at the south of the enclosure as a grassed-over rectangular platform, ten metres long and five metres wide. The enclosure that contains all three is a substantial one, a type known in Irish archaeology as a cashel or caher when built in stone, though the specifics of its construction here are not detailed in the available record. The name Caherphuca, from the Irish cathair, meaning stone fort, and púca, a mischievous supernatural creature of Irish folklore, hints at how locally significant this kind of enclosure once was.