House - indeterminate date, Carheens, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
House
At Carheens in County Galway, a large enclosure sits in the landscape with five separate house remains scattered in and around it, none of them dated with any certainty.
That ambiguity is itself worth pausing over. These are not the remains of a single farmstead or a tidy settlement sequence, but a cluster of structures in different states of collapse, different orientations, and different relationships to the enclosure that appears to have organised the whole group.
The five structures vary considerably in form. Two are straightforward rectangular outlines, one near the centre of the enclosure defined by a collapsed wall, another immediately to the south-east reduced to a shallow depression above its foundations. A third sits directly on the line of the enclosure's southern wall, its rectangular footprint now little more than grassed-over rubble. The most unusual of the group lies to the north-east of the enclosure: a partially sunken house, subcircular in plan, defined by a bank that was revetted internally, meaning the inner face of the surrounding earthen bank was reinforced with stone, and retaining a narrow gap of about one metre on its eastern side that likely served as an entrance. Subcircular or oval house forms of this kind are associated in Ireland with a wide range of periods, from the early medieval through to the post-medieval, which goes some way to explaining why no firm date has been assigned. A fifth structure, poorly preserved, lies to the south-east of this sunken house, its low stone wall barely distinguishable from the surrounding ground. The measurements recorded across all five structures suggest domestic rather than agricultural use, though without excavation the function and chronology of each remain open questions. What the grouping does suggest is that this corner of north Galway was used, reorganised, and perhaps repeatedly reoccupied over a long stretch of time.