House - indeterminate date, Kildaree, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
House
Inside a long-degraded ringfort in County Galway, two low humps in the grass may be the last trace of somebody's home.
The date is unknown, the occupants unnamed, and the structures themselves are classified only as "possible houses", which is archaeology's honest way of saying the evidence is suggestive but not conclusive. What remains are two features: a subrectangular outline running east to west, roughly nine metres long and five metres wide, defined by a barely-there bank of earth and stone, and a circular hollow about four and a half metres across, ringed by a similarly modest bank. Both sit within the northern half of a rath's interior, a rath being a type of enclosed farmstead common throughout early medieval Ireland, typically consisting of an earthen bank and ditch surrounding a domestic space. Here, the enclosure itself is already fragmentary, its south-eastern arc quarried away at some point, so the structures inside it are doubly eroded, features within a feature that has itself been compromised.
The rath to which these possible houses belong measures roughly 29 metres north to south and 28 metres east to west, and was once defined by three concentric banks of earth and stone with two intervening fosses, the term for the ditches between them. A three-bank enclosure is relatively elaborate by the standards of Irish raths, which more commonly have a single bank and fosse. The inner bank and ditch are still legible all the way around, but the middle bank only survives from the north-north-east through to the west, and the outermost fosse and bank appear only from the south-east around to west-south-west. A possible entrance was identified on the eastern side. Sitting about 150 metres to the south of a separate ringfort, this monument at Kildaree in north County Galway occupies a landscape that was clearly used and organised over a long period, even if little of that organisation is now visible above ground.