House - medieval, Dublin South City, Co. Dublin

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House – medieval, Dublin South City, Co. Dublin

Beneath what is now the Corke tower site in Dublin's south city, archaeologists in 1986 uncovered something that rarely survives long enough to be found: the layered remains of three successive households, each built on the footprint of the last, each belonging to the category of dwelling that ordinary medieval Dubliners actually lived in.

These were not stone structures but post and wattle houses, a construction technique in which upright timber posts were woven with thin branches or rods and then typically plastered with a daub of mud or clay to form walls. Modest, functional, and almost entirely biodegradable, such buildings leave archaeology only when conditions are unusually kind to organic material, as they often are in the waterlogged soils of old Dublin.

The excavation, reported by Lynch in 1987, revealed large portions of three rectangular houses of what the report describes as the usual Dublin type, meaning they conform to a well-documented pattern of domestic building known from other city-centre digs. Alongside the structural remains came a timber-lined pit, and two objects that give a rare material glimpse into the working life of whoever occupied these homes. One was a saw frame fashioned from a curving piece of antler, antler being a practical and widely used raw material in medieval craft production due to its density and workability. The other was the cross beam of a light wooden loom, a piece of the horizontal frame around which thread would have been wound or guided during weaving. Neither object is spectacular on its own, but together they suggest a household engaged in the kind of small-scale craft activity, tool-making and textile production, that kept medieval urban economies functioning at street level.

The site is not publicly accessible in the way that a monument or museum would be, and there is nothing visible above ground to mark where the houses once stood. For those with an interest in Dublin's medieval archaeology, the Lynch 1987 report remains the primary source, and the finds themselves may be traceable through the institutions responsible for excavation archives and artefact storage in Ireland. The National Museum of Ireland is generally the first point of contact for objects recovered from licensed excavations of this period. What the Corke tower site offers, even at a remove, is a corrective to the tendency to think of medieval Dublin only through its cathedrals and city walls; most people who lived here built in wood, worked with what was to hand, and left traces that only careful digging has any chance of recovering.

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