Hut site, Baile An Bhaoithín, Co. Kerry

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Settlement Sites

Hut site, Baile An Bhaoithín, Co. Kerry

On the south-south-east facing slopes of Croaghmarhin in County Kerry, a small stone enclosure quietly holds what amounts to a remarkable concentration of early medieval remains within a very compact space.

Known as Cahernagat, or Cathair na gCat in Irish, the site is a cashel, a type of stone-walled enclosure typically associated with early Christian period settlement in Ireland, and within its interior survive the remains of two stone huts, a souterrain, and an ogham stone. A souterrain is an underground passage or chamber, usually associated with storage or refuge, while ogham stones bear inscriptions in one of Ireland's earliest writing systems, characters carved as notches and lines along a stone's edge. To find all four features within a single modest enclosure is unusual, and it gives the site a density of historical layering that belies its unassuming appearance on the hillside.

The description recorded by Cuppage in 1986 provides the clearest picture of what survives. The second of the two huts sits directly east of the first and takes an oval or circular form, built in the drystone tradition, meaning without mortar, relying entirely on the careful placement of stone upon stone. Internally it measures 4.8 metres north to south, though only the western half of the wall remains traceable. The inner face stands to the same height as its neighbouring hut, but the outer face has been lost to collapse, and a gap roughly 1.1 metres wide in the western facing suggests either an original entrance or a point where the structure has simply given way over time. The enclosing cashel wall itself is described as small and circular, occupying the lower slope of the hill rather than a commanding summit position, suggesting a settlement of modest, practical character rather than one built for display or defence.

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