Hut site, Coolnagun, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Settlement Sites
On a low, poorly drained rise of ground in County Westmeath, a cluster of earthworks sits in a landscape already dense with early medieval enclosures.
What makes this particular site curious is not what survives intact, but the layered way in which different centuries have overwritten one another, leaving a monument that is part ancient enclosure, part quarry scar, and part post-medieval building platform, all compressed into a single modest piece of ground.
The site sits between two ringforts, the circular enclosed farmsteads characteristic of early medieval Ireland, with one roughly 85 metres to the south-west and another about 175 metres to the north-north-east. By the time the Ordnance Survey recorded the area in 1837, a quarry was already cutting into the western side of the earthwork, and a second quarry had opened just to the south. The western half of the original enclosing bank was quarried away entirely, and what appears on the ground today as a large flat-topped mound, roughly 13 metres long and up to a metre high, may well be the upcast soil and stone thrown out during those post-1700 quarrying operations rather than any original prehistoric or early medieval structure. By the revised Ordnance Survey map of 1911, a rectangular building had appeared in the south-south-west quadrant of the earthwork, placed precisely where the earlier quarry had been marked. Within the surviving interior, the remains are harder to read: a small sub-rectangular area in the north-west quadrant, defined by a low bank of earth and stone, may represent a house site, and a low earth bank cuts across the northern quadrant as a kind of internal partition, dividing off another sub-rectangular space.
What the site illustrates, quietly, is how rural land in the Irish midlands was rarely left alone between historical periods. Enclosures were quarried, quarries became building platforms, buildings were abandoned, and the whole sequence slowly grassed over into something that looks, from a distance, simply like a lumpy field.