Kedrah Fort, Kedrah, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Ritual/Ceremonial
A large earthwork crowning a steep-sided hillock in County Tipperary, Kedrah Fort is the kind of place that rewards a slow walk around the perimeter rather than a quick glance from a distance.
The monument encloses a hilltop roughly 170 metres across, using a combination of an internal fosse, which is a defensive ditch cut into the ground, and a substantial outer bank that in places reaches nearly three and a half metres in height on the interior face. That bank is no slender ridge; its crest runs between six and ten and a half metres wide, and its base between nearly nine and fourteen metres, giving it a mass more associated with a major defensive work than a simple field enclosure. The hill itself drops sharply to the south-west, making that side naturally formidable, while the ground falls more gently to the north-east, where the earthwork would have had to work harder. A separate ringfort sits approximately fifty metres to the north-east, suggesting this corner of Tipperary was a place of some sustained significance.
The bank has not come down to us intact. Quarrying has cut into the summit, leaving an irregular hollow north of centre, and the southern and south-eastern sections of the bank have been dug into or reduced. From the east and south-east, the bank has been almost entirely levelled, with only low traces remaining in the grass. A cattle gap was pushed through the bank on the west-south-west side at some point, and a modern stone wall was laid along part of the north-eastern arc. Most telling of all is a note preserved in the Ordnance Survey Letters, collected by O'Flanagan in 1930, which records that part of the bank at the north-east and south sides had been deliberately cut away, pared off outwardly, to accommodate a byroad that ran there. Roads have always needed material, and prehistoric earthworks have long supplied it without much ceremony. In the north-west sector, the bank bends outward to form what may be a small rectangular structure, around ten by twelve metres, though whether this represents an original feature or simply the aftermath of more quarrying is not yet resolved. A possible entrance, about two metres wide, sits just to the west of this anomaly.