Kiln - corn-drying, Boherash, Co. Cork

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Kilns

Kiln – corn-drying, Boherash, Co. Cork

When a housing development was being prepared in the townland of Boherash on the edge of Glanworth, County Cork, in 2004, groundwork uncovered something that had been out of use for roughly seven hundred years: a corn-drying kiln, keyhole-shaped and built from limestone, still legible enough in the soil to reconstruct how it once functioned.

Corn-drying kilns were a common fixture of medieval Irish agriculture, used to dry harvested grain before milling, particularly important in a wet climate where cereals might otherwise rot or fail to grind cleanly. What made the Boherash example worth pausing over was the precision with which its remains could be read, even in their diminished state.

The kiln's bowl, set within a flat-based pit, was formed from an arc of five large limestone blocks surviving as a single course roughly 17 centimetres high. The excavator, Cleary, estimated the original bowl height at up to 0.8 metres, with an internal diameter of around 1.25 metres. A stone platform survived on the north-east side of the bowl. Running south from the bowl was the flue channel, nearly 2.4 metres long and originally perhaps lined with stone and covered by flags, though no trace of that covering remained. At its southern end, a scorched area most likely represents the stoke-hole where fuel was fed in to heat the kiln. The charcoal-rich fill inside the bowl and flue contained large quantities of charred grain, predominantly oats, with some wheat and barley mixed in. Two sherds of locally made Cork-type pottery recovered from the fill and the backfill above it placed the kiln's abandonment in the late thirteenth or early fourteenth century. Two adjacent pits may have been in use at the same time as the kiln, while a further series of pits cut into its southern end clearly post-dated it, suggesting the site continued to see activity after the kiln went cold.

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