Kiln - corn-drying, Kilmacredock, Co. Kildare
Co. Kildare |
Kilns
A corn-drying kiln is not the sort of structure that announces itself in the landscape. These were working features of the rural economy, dug into the earth, stone-lined, and used to dry harvested grain before milling or storage, reducing moisture and preventing spoilage. The example uncovered near Kilmacredock, between Celbridge and Leixlip in County Kildare, came to light in unremarkable circumstances: the mechanical stripping of topsoil during road improvement works on the Celbridge Interchange in 2001.
The kiln, designated Site 7 during the excavation programme, was built into an earlier ditch, which suggests the landscape here had already been modified before the kiln was constructed. Its stone-lined channel ran in an L-shape, measuring 4.5 metres east to west and 3.8 metres north to south. On its eastern side sat the fire-bowl, just under a metre in diameter, where fuel would have been burned to generate heat. On the western side, at the base of the flue, excavators found a small circular pit, roughly 60 centimetres across and 30 centimetres deep. The lower fills of this pit were dense with charred cereal grains, the direct physical residue of the kiln's purpose, though no artefacts were recovered that might have helped to date its use more precisely. The kiln was one of eighteen potential archaeological sites identified during topsoil monitoring along a scheme roughly 4 kilometres in length, running through gently undulating land given over to arable farming, pasture, and woodland. The southern portion of this corridor passes through countryside still shaped by eighteenth-century landscape design, with formal avenues and tree-lined boundaries associated with Castletown House, the early eighteenth-century mansion near Celbridge. The kiln sits further north, in more ordinary agricultural ground, a quiet remnant of the practicalities of grain farming that once took place across this part of Kildare.