Kiln - corn-drying, Solsborough, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Kilns
At Solsborough in County Tipperary, a patch of ground once held the working heart of an Early Christian farming settlement, though nothing visible at the surface would suggest it.
When archaeologist Donald Murphy excavated the site in 2000, he uncovered five corn-drying kilns, three of them clustered in the north-eastern part of the site, each shaped like a keyhole, with a long flue feeding into a rounded drying chamber. These were not kilns in the industrial sense but agricultural ones, small installations used to dry harvested grain before milling or storage, essential in the damp Irish climate where grain would rot if threshed or stored wet. The density of charcoal and oxidised clay found inside them speaks to repeated, heavy use.
One of the kilns gave up something more precise than its shape: a piece of timber from its base, which when radiocarbon dated returned a range of AD 563 to 659. That places the kiln squarely in the Early Christian period, a time when Ireland was dotted with small farming communities often associated with monastic or ecclesiastical organisation, though the Solsborough finds appear to reflect a broader settlement pattern rather than any single institution. Alongside the kilns, Murphy's excavation exposed three ditches, three hearths, and a spread, the kind of accumulation of material and features that suggests a working, long-occupied place rather than a brief encampment. The ditches may have served as drainage or boundary markers; the hearths point to domestic or craft activity running in parallel with the grain processing.


