Kiln - lime, Castlelands, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Kilns
On the eastern edge of Mallow, built into a natural slope in what was once a working quarry, a pair of lime kilns from the late nineteenth or early twentieth century survive in a state of considerable overgrowth and partial demolition.
Lime kilns were industrial structures used to burn limestone at high temperatures, producing quicklime for use in agriculture, construction, and various chemical processes. What makes this particular site more complicated than the typical rural example is the evidence, embedded in the structure itself, of a much older and different industry operating on the same ground.
The 1842 Ordnance Survey six-inch map marks a large quarry at this location, with a subrectangular structure at its southern end labelled 'Salt Works', suggesting that salt production preceded or overlapped with the lime-burning activity here. The two kilns are built from random rubble limestone walls encasing their inner cores, and their front elevations are staggered, with the north-eastern kiln set back roughly four metres from its south-western neighbour. Both kilns have brick-arched recesses and rear walls of brick fitted with small stoking holes through which fuel was fed to maintain the burn. The larger of the two, the north-eastern kiln, stands approximately eight metres tall and retains iron bands supporting its arch as well as a limestone arch layered over the brick one beneath. An infilled funnel at the rear of this kiln, its upper portion lined with iron heavily encrusted with earth, was identified by Sleeman in 1990 as a possible remnant of an iron salt pan, which would connect the kiln structure directly to the earlier salt-works operation recorded on the Victorian map. A roofless ruined two-storey building to the south-west of the kilns may also be associated with the salt works, though it had been partially demolished by the time the site was formally inspected. The forecourt area had been built over and the flat top of the kilns was in use as a car park, lending the whole ensemble an oddly layered quality: industrial archaeology absorbed quietly into everyday infrastructure.