Lisheenavilla, Ballywinna, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Ringforts
In the townland of Ballywinna, a later field wall has been built directly on top of a much older one, and the effect is to half-erase what was already a fragile thing.
The site is a cashel, a type of early medieval stone enclosure built without mortar, and by the time it was formally recorded it had already collapsed into a low, irregular spread of stone. What makes it stranger still is what ended up inside: a children's burial ground occupies the eastern part of the interior, one of the so-called cillíní that appear across Ireland, informal burial places used for unbaptised infants and others excluded from consecrated ground. The cashel's oval outline, roughly 58 metres across its longer axis and just over 38 metres on the shorter, can still be traced, though the drystone wall that once defined it is now largely a ruin beneath the later boundary.
The site was catalogued by McCaffrey in 1952, and it carries within it at least three distinct phases of human activity layered on top of one another. The cashel itself belongs to an early medieval tradition of enclosure, in which a roughly circular or oval stone wall would define a farmstead or occasionally an ecclesiastical site. The children's burial ground within it suggests the place retained some significance long after the cashel had ceased to function in its original form. In the southern sector there is also evidence of a possible souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage or chamber of the kind commonly associated with early medieval settlement, used variously for storage, refuge, or both. Whether this souterrain connects meaningfully to the cashel's original use, or represents a separate episode of occupation, is not clear from what survives.