Lisnatreanduff, Ballymartin, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Enclosures
On a ridge top in Ballymartin, County Mayo, there sits an earthwork that refuses easy classification.
Roughly circular, measuring just over a hundred metres across, it is enclosed not by one bank but by three surviving earthen banks with corresponding ditches, or fosses, between them, and the remains of a fourth. That degree of multiplication is unusual. Most ringforts, the enclosed farmstead sites that dot the Irish countryside, make do with a single bank and fosse, occasionally two. Three or more concentric enclosures generally mark a site of particular significance, though what that significance was, whether ceremonial, political, or defensive, is rarely certain at this remove.
What survives at Lisnatreanduff is in reasonably good condition. The inner banks and fosses are well preserved and show traces of stone revetment, meaning the earthen faces were once reinforced with stonework to hold their shape. The interior rises gently from south to north, towards the centre of the site. The enclosure has four gaps or entrances through its banks, oriented roughly to the north-northeast, east-northeast, south-southwest, and west-northwest. Two of these, the north-northeast gap at three and a half metres wide and the east-northeast gap at three metres, retain stone-lined causeways, a detail that suggests some deliberateness in how people were expected to move into and through the space. The outer bank is only partially preserved, surviving on the eastern to southeastern arc and again from the west-northwest round to the north. Layered over all of this is the more recent agricultural landscape: two stone field fences cross the site, one enclosing it from the southeast to east-northeast, another running inside the inner bank and enclosing the interior. The site appears in a 1994 archaeological survey of the Ballinrobe district, compiled by D. Lavelle for the Lough Mask and Lough Carra Tourist Development Association, which recorded it as entry number 88.