Lissataggart, Roo, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Ringforts
In the rolling pastureland of east Galway, a circular earthwork sits quietly in a farmer's field, its double banks and ditches still legible after more than a thousand years.
What makes this particular rath worth pausing over is not only its good state of preservation but what lies beneath it: a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage or chamber, tucked into the south-western quadrant of the interior, hinting at the domestic complexity that once animated this kind of enclosure.
Raths, also known as ringforts, were the typical farmsteads of early medieval Ireland, roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries, and several thousand survive across the country in varying degrees of completeness. This one measures 41.7 metres in diameter, a fairly substantial example, and is defined by two concentric earthen banks with a fosse, or ditch, running between them. The inner bank remains visible all the way around the circuit. The fosse can be traced from the south-south-east, sweeping westward and continuing northward, while the outer bank survives from the south-west through north to north-north-east. Along the stretch from north-north-west to north, where the earthwork might otherwise be ambiguous, a line of upright boulders marks its course, a detail that suggests either deliberate reinforcement or perhaps the reuse of earlier stonework. The souterrain beneath the interior would originally have served as a storage space, a place to keep dairy produce cool, or possibly as a refuge in times of danger.