Listurkan, Loughaunnaman, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Ringforts
In the boggy, hillocky terrain of County Mayo, a ring fort has been quietly disappearing into the landscape for nearly two centuries.
At Listurkan in Loughaunnaman, the southern half of an oval earthwork has been levelled almost entirely flat, surviving now only as a faint curving undulation picked out by a thin growth of rushes. A post-and-wire fence cuts across part of it. Yet the northern arc still rises to a scarp between 2.7 and 3 metres high on its exterior face, which, for a rath, the Irish term for a roughly circular or oval enclosed settlement of the early medieval period, built from earth and sometimes stone, is a considerable presence in the ground.
The enclosure measures approximately 75 metres on its north-east to south-west axis and around 60 metres across, making it a substantial example of its type. It was already recorded on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1838, where the full oval circuit was visible; by the 1916 edition only the north-western arc was being shown, suggesting the southern portion had been significantly reduced by then through agricultural activity. The builders here made shrewd use of what the land already offered. On the western and northern sides, the rath follows the steep natural contours of a rise, with the slope dropping away into a wettish hollow bordered by smaller hillocks, so that the defensive effect was partly achieved without the need for major earthmoving. The eastern side carries a substantial earthen bank, two metres wide, with traces of internal stone facing still visible; this bank has since been absorbed into a field boundary and gradually fades out where it meets the corner of an adjoining field. The original entrance has not survived in any legible form, though the south-western side, where the rath blends into a natural ramp-like slope in the ground, is the most likely candidate. From the interior, views open out to the north and south-east across wide stretches of bog and pasture, with a hillock to the north-west providing the one direction from which the site is overlooked rather than commanding.