Megalithic tomb - wedge tomb, Knocknagappul, Co. Cork

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Megalithic Tombs

Megalithic tomb – wedge tomb, Knocknagappul, Co. Cork

On a south-west-facing slope above the Glashreagh River valley in mid-Cork, a small wedge tomb sits looking out over the broad basin of the River Laney.

It is a modest thing by any measure, barely a metre and a half long and roughly a metre wide, yet it has held its position on this hillside for somewhere between four and five thousand years. What remains above ground is enough to read the structure, just about, if you know what you are looking for.

Wedge tombs are the most numerous of Ireland's megalithic tomb types, built during the late Neolithic and into the Bronze Age, and they take their name from the characteristic narrowing of the gallery from a wider, taller entrance end down to a lower, closed back. The Knocknagappul example is aligned roughly ENE-WSW, the standard orientation for the type, with the wider end facing south-west. Two surviving sidestones define the southern wall of the gallery, and a backstone closes the eastern end, set just outside the gallery walls proper. At the western end, a septal stone, a slab used to divide or seal the interior space, marks what would have been the entrance. The northern side of the gallery is largely obscured by rubble and the natural rise of the ground, but an upright slab just outside the backstone and a smaller orthostat, a single standing stone used in construction, beyond the western end of the southern side may represent the remnants of an outer walling that once enclosed the whole structure. A single roofstone still covers the gallery, and slight traces of a mound survive along the southern side, hinting at what would once have been a more substantial earthen cairn surrounding the stone framework. The site was documented by Ruaidhrí de Valera and Seán Ó Nualláin in their Survey of the Megalithic Tombs of Ireland, published in 1982, which remains the foundational reference for monuments of this kind across Cork, Kerry, Limerick, and Tipperary.

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