Megalithic tomb - wedge tomb, Lisduff, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Megalithic Tombs
There is a field in Lisduff, County Mayo, where a prehistoric tomb once stood for several thousand years, and where, as of February 2019, there is nothing left to see.
The wedge tomb that occupied a gentle north-facing slope here was destroyed that month, leaving no visible trace at ground level. It is, in a sense, a monument that now exists only in memory and in the documentary record, which makes the details of what was once there all the more worth preserving.
Wedge tombs are among the most common megalithic monument types in Ireland, typically dating to the Late Neolithic or Early Bronze Age. They take their name from their characteristic shape: a gallery or burial chamber that is wider and higher at one end, tapering toward the other. The Lisduff example was a substantial one. Its gallery measured 9.5 metres in length and 1.4 metres in width, formed by a double wall of upright stone slabs, known as orthostats, and covered by flat roofing stones. The whole structure sat within the remains of a cairn or earthen mound roughly 16 metres long. The entrance faced south-west, the orientation typical of wedge tombs across Ireland, though here the outward view in that direction was modest, blocked by a low ridge in the middle distance. Ruaidhrí de Valera and Seán Ó Nualláin recorded it in detail in their 1964 volume on the megalithic tombs of County Mayo, part of a multi-volume national survey. By that point it was already marked on the 1929 Ordnance Survey six-inch map, labelled simply as 'Dolmen'. It was not alone in its field: a rath, a type of circular earthwork enclosure associated with early medieval settlement, stood just 20 metres to the south-east, and a cist, a small stone-lined burial box, was recorded 100 metres in the same direction.
The destruction of the tomb in early 2019 removed a feature that had survived millennia of farming, weather, and the slow erosion of the surrounding cairn. What remains is the landscape it once inhabited: the damp, low-lying pasture at the foot of the slope, the ridge to the south-west, and the quiet company of the other monuments nearby, still present in the same field.