Metalworking site, Ballygrennan, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Metalworking
There is nothing to see at this site in Ballygrennan, and that is precisely what makes it worth knowing about.
A spread of ordinary-looking pasture in County Limerick, lying just north of the road that divides the townland from neighbouring Goat Island, conceals no visible trace of what once took place there. No earthwork survives, no stone protrudes, and aerial photographs show nothing. The evidence existed only underground, and it has already been removed.
The site came to light not through deliberate archaeological survey but through the practical business of laying a gas pipeline. When topsoil was stripped as part of the Bord Gáis Éireann Pipeline to the West project, specifically Section 3 running from Gort to Goatisland, monitoring archaeologists noticed features that warranted closer investigation. Excavation was carried out by Emmet Byrnes under licence 02E0368, and what emerged was a metalworking area associated with the fifth and final phase of activity recorded at the site. More than sixteen oval pits were uncovered, ranging from around 0.2 to 0.8 metres in diameter, with rounded bases that showed signs of oxidisation in places, the reddening and hardening of soil caused by sustained heat. Fragments of slag, the stony waste left over from smelting or smithing metal, were recovered from the fills of several pits, and one pit preserved an intact furnace base. Nearby features included a hearth, two areas of cobbling, and a scatter of post-holes and stake-holes, the compressed soil ghosts of timber uprights that once supported some kind of working structure. Together these point to a small but organised industrial space, the kind of site where iron or other metals were processed, probably serving the community associated with the subrectangular enclosure found slightly to the south.
Because the monument was fully excavated during the pipeline project, there is nothing physically present to visit, and it does not register on aerial imagery. Its location, immediately north of the road marking the Goat Island townland boundary and roughly 90 metres northeast of the boundary with Uregare, is in working farmland. The value of the site lies not in any visible feature but in what the excavation record preserves, a rare, detailed snapshot of early industrial activity in this part of County Limerick, documented by Byrnes and published in 2004.