Midden, An Machaire Beag, Fathain, Co. Donegal
Co. Donegal |
Settlement Sites
At An Machaire Beag in County Donegal, a shell midden tucked into a field boundary tells a story stretching back over 3,000 years.
First noted by a researcher named Harte, who described it as his "No 1 site" near the Inch Road Station where the Derry and Buncrana Railway once cut through boulder clay, this archaeological feature was properly excavated in 2001 under licence 01E0839 by Peter Woodman from University College Cork and Nicky Milner from the University of Newcastle.
The midden, which runs for at least 33 metres along the eastern edge of a narrow field, sits atop a steep three-metre bank. Though much of the original mound had been levelled by the time Harte recorded it, what remains is still impressive; up to 60 centimetres thick and dominated by oyster shells. During the 2001 excavation, the team cleaned two section faces at 10 and 24.5 metres from the northern end, revealing distinct dark layers in the upper portions. At the second section, they discovered a stone-filled pit cutting through the midden and recovered a flint flake from the pathway surface, a tangible link to the people who created this ancient rubbish heap.
A test pit dug five metres into the adjacent field confirmed that the midden extends well beyond the visible boundary, buried beneath approximately 60 centimetres of soil. Radiocarbon dating of samples taken from the base of the midden yielded a date of 3380±BP, placing its origins firmly in the Bronze Age. The northern edge appears to have been truncated by later quarrying activity, and sheep have created a small ledge along the exposed section, but this ancient coastal dump site continues to offer valuable insights into prehistoric life along Ireland's northwestern shores.
