Midden, Ringaskiddy, Co. Cork

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Settlement Sites

Midden, Ringaskiddy, Co. Cork

At Curlane Bank on the shore near Ringaskiddy, there is a stretch of beach where the past quite literally surfaces between the tides.

A narrow band of archaeological deposit, running about 30 metres north to south along the shoreline just above the high tide mark, holds the compressed remnants of what people once ate and discarded here. At only 0.1 metres thick, it is easy to overlook, but it is a midden, an ancient refuse heap of shellfish remains, and it tells a quiet story about human subsistence on the Cork coast.

Middens are among the most direct records of diet and daily life that archaeology recovers. This one contains cockles, limpets, and winkles, the kinds of shellfish gathered by hand from rocky shorelines and tidal pools, along with some oyster and razor shells. Oysters in particular were once far more abundant along Irish coasts than they are today, and their presence in deposits like this is a reminder of how dramatically coastal ecosystems have changed over centuries. The full extent of the scatter is considerably wider than the concentrated deposit above the tide line: at low tide, shells spread across an area of roughly 100 metres east to west across the beach, suggesting the material has been redistributed by tidal action over a long period. No date has been firmly established for the midden, and without excavation it is difficult to say whether it represents prehistoric activity, early medieval use of the shoreline, or something more recent.

The site sits on the beach at Curlane Bank, and the shell scatter becomes most visible at low tide when the wider spread of material is exposed. The thin lens of concentrated deposit above the high tide mark is subtle enough that it would not register to most walkers passing along the shore.

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