Mound, Ballymacandrew, Co. Kerry
Co. Kerry |
Ritual/Ceremonial
In a field just north of a quiet east-west road in north Kerry, a low circular earthwork sits on flat ground, easy to overlook and difficult to read at first glance.
This is a univallate rath, meaning a single-banked enclosure of the kind built across Ireland during the early medieval period, typically between around the fifth and twelfth centuries. What makes this particular example worth a second look is what lies inside: a scattering of small interior mounds whose purpose remains genuinely uncertain.
The outer form is clear enough, a well-defined earthen bank with an exterior fosse, which is the term for a ditch dug to accompany and reinforce a bank, running around a roughly circular interior. Raths of this type were almost always domestic in origin, functioning as enclosed farmsteads for farming families of middling rank. But the small mounds within this one complicate the picture. Archaeologists who recorded the site noted they could indicate the remains of house-sites, the subtle subsurface traces of timber or stone structures that once stood inside the enclosure, or alternatively a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage or chamber that early medieval communities used for storage and possibly refuge. The two possibilities are not mutually exclusive, and without excavation neither can be confirmed.