Mountain Fort, Bredagh, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Ringforts
On a low rise in open grassland in north Galway, an oval earthwork sits quietly in the landscape, its name on the map far grander than anything the ground itself now suggests.
This is a rath, the type of enclosed farmstead that was the most common form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically consisting of a circular or oval bank of earth enclosing a domestic space. Thousands of them survive across the country in varying states of preservation, but this example in Bredagh has had a harder time of it than most.
The enclosure measures roughly 32 metres north to south and 23 metres east to west, defined by a bank that still carries traces of an external fosse, a shallow defensive ditch, along its northern side. That partial survival is about as good as it gets here. The bank has been breached in multiple places by cattle gaps, the practical incursions of generations of farmers who found the old earthwork more useful as a field boundary than as something to be preserved intact. The name "Mountain Fort" gives the place a martial air it probably never deserved; most raths were the enclosed homesteads of farming families rather than fortifications in any military sense, and the surrounding terrain is gentle grassland rather than anything approaching mountain.
The site is described as poorly preserved, and there is little to suggest that changes significantly on the ground. The northern fosse traces are the most legible surviving feature. For anyone walking the area with an eye for subtleties in the landscape, the rise itself and the partial circuit of the bank are readable enough, but this is a place that rewards patience and a knowledge of what you are looking at rather than one that announces itself.