Ogham stone (present location), Dublin South City, Co. Dublin

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Stone Monuments

Ogham stone (present location), Dublin South City, Co. Dublin

Even scholars who have spent careers studying early medieval Ireland cannot entirely agree on where this stone came from.

The ogham stone now held at the National Museum of Ireland in Dublin arrived there via a garden in Gortatlea, near Tralee in County Kerry, but its origins before that point have been disputed since the moment of its discovery. Ogham is an early Irish script, typically carved as a series of notches and strokes along the edge or angle of a stone, and used primarily between the fourth and seventh centuries to record personal names, often in the formula "X, son of Y." This particular stone carries exactly that kind of inscription: DUMELI MAQI GLASICONAS NIOTTA COBRANOR[IGAS], recorded by both R.A.S. Macalister in 1945 and Damian McManus in 1997, with a final element that remains uncertain.

The stone was found in June 1893 by a Mr M'Quin of Gortatlea, on what Lynch, writing in 1894, described as an outlying farm of his at a place called "Gurrane." The difficulty is that no townland by that name exists in the area. The most plausible candidate is Garraundarragh, which lies immediately south of Gortatlea, and subsequent fieldwork in 2006 confirmed that the stone came from a rath there, a type of circular earthwork enclosure used as a defended farmstead in early medieval Ireland. Graves, writing in 1895, described it as having been found in the outer ring of the rath, projecting inward from the western embankment, though he believed it had originally stood upright. Macalister, by contrast, recorded it as having been found in a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage often associated with raths, without citing his source for this. The 2006 investigation settled the matter in favour of the rath itself. The stone measures between 1.12 and 1.19 metres in height, and its inscription is unusually complex in its layout, running up one angle, turning across the summit, then continuing again from the base on the adjacent angle.

The stone is held at the National Museum of Ireland, whose main archaeology collection is on Kildare Street in central Dublin, though visitors should confirm the stone's current display status before travelling, as not all collection items are on permanent show. For those who want to examine the inscription in detail without travelling at all, the Ogham in 3D project, run by the School of Celtic Studies at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, has produced high-resolution three-dimensional models of ogham stones across Ireland and beyond, and this stone, catalogued as CIIC 252, is included among them at ogham.celt.dias.ie.

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