Passage tomb art, Knockroe, Co. Kilkenny
Co. Kilkenny |
Ritual/Ceremonial
A large carved boulder is propped against a drystone wall in a laneway in County Kilkenny, apparently unremarkable to anyone passing by.
It sits roughly twenty-five metres from the Knockroe passage tomb, one of the more significant Neolithic monuments in the south of Ireland, and it is decorated with the same geometric vocabulary that prehistoric carvers applied to the great stones of the Boyne Valley. Passage tomb art, the term used for this tradition of Neolithic rock carving associated with megalithic burial monuments, typically features abstract motifs such as spirals, lozenges, chevrons, and cupmarks, the last being small circular depressions ground or pecked into stone. This boulder carries several of these, quietly waiting in a lane.
The stone was identified and recorded by Aoibheann Lambe on 25 April 2018. It is an irregularly shaped pentagonal upright, about a metre high and a metre at its widest, with its long axis running roughly north to south. The western face is concave and heavily spalled, meaning much of its surface has flaked away, which has left many of the carvings difficult to read. Even so, chevrons and diamond shapes remain traceable, and cupmarks, each no more than three centimetres across, are dispersed across the surface, most clearly visible at the top left and bottom right. The most legible motif on this face is a diamond-shaped ring in positive relief, meaning it stands slightly proud of the surrounding surface, positioned centrally and about a quarter of a metre above the base. Two more diamond rings sit immediately to its south, and chevrons run north to south above them. The northern face, about a metre long and only twenty centimetres thick, is more heavily inscribed, carrying diamond rings, chevrons, and cupmarks in greater concentration. The eastern face is hidden against the wall. At least five evenly spaced hollows, each around three centimetres in diameter, punctuate the edge between the northern and western faces, their regularity suggesting intention rather than accident.
The boulder's current position in the laneway raises the obvious question of whether it was always there or was moved at some point from the tomb or its immediate surroundings. No answer to that is recorded, but its proximity to Knockroe and the character of its decoration leave little doubt about its Neolithic origins. Visitors to the passage tomb, which is itself accessible and worth time, should look out for the laneway to the north-east and the stone leaning against the wall within it. Raking light, when the sun is low, tends to bring out the relief of carved surfaces that might otherwise seem blank.