Pit-burial, Fawnamore, Co. Limerick

Co. Limerick |

Burial Sites

Pit-burial, Fawnamore, Co. Limerick

A small, roughly circular pit dug into Limerick soil some four thousand years ago is not, on the face of it, a remarkable thing.

What makes the one at Fawnamore worth pausing over is what was placed inside it, and the quietly deliberate way it seems to have been done. The pit contained burnt bone, seashell, a charred hazelnut shell, fragments of flint, and sherds of pottery from at least five separate vessels, all of it mixed into a dark, charcoal-rich fill. The bone fragments were too small to be identified as either animal or human, which leaves open a question that archaeology cannot currently answer. Someone, or a group of people, gathered these materials and arranged them in the ground, and the best interpretation available is that the act was ritualistic rather than practical.

The excavation was carried out by Rose Cleary under licence reference 04E1306, and the findings were recorded on excavations.ie. The pottery is the most telling element of the deposit. Forty-three sherds were recovered, representing at least five vessels, and all of it belongs to the Beaker period, the Early Bronze Age tradition named for its distinctive drinking vessel forms. Beaker pottery, which spread widely across Europe from roughly 2800 BCE onwards, comes in recognisable types. One sherd from Fawnamore is classified as Bell Beaker, decorated with zoned comb-impressed lines and short strokes, the kind of fine, thin-walled ware associated with prestige and ritual contexts. A second vessel is classed as Domestic Beaker, more utilitarian in character, with impressed pits below the rim on both the interior and exterior surfaces. Two further fragments, from a small vessel no thicker than 5.5mm at its wall, also carry comb decoration and may belong to the Bell Beaker type. The remaining sherds are undecorated. Crucially, the pottery had already been broken before it was placed in the pit, which suggests it was deposited as deliberate breakage rather than casual discard. A water-rolled stone of old red sandstone, showing signs of use as a hammer stone, was also recovered from the fill, along with five pieces of flint debitage, the waste flakes left over from knapping flint tools, which may have been placed at the base of the pit before it was filled in.

Fawnamore is a townland in County Limerick, and the pit itself is no longer visible at ground level. There is nothing to see on site in the conventional sense; the finds are what survive, held in record rather than in the landscape. For anyone drawn to Early Bronze Age material culture, the excavations.ie record remains the most direct point of access, offering the full site description alongside the excavation reference number. The interest here lies not in any monument but in the act itself, the careful, apparently intentional assembly of broken things, placed in the earth and covered over.

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